dispnew.c

/* Updating of data structures for redisplay.

Copyright (C) 1985-1988, 1993-1995, 1997-2019 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include <config.h>

#include "sysstdio.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "lisp.h"
#include "ptr-bounds.h"
#include "termchar.h"
/* cm.h must come after dispextern.h on Windows.  */
#include "dispextern.h"
#include "cm.h"
#include "buffer.h"
#include "keyboard.h"
#include "frame.h"
#include "termhooks.h"
#include "window.h"
#include "commands.h"
#include "disptab.h"
#include "blockinput.h"
#include "syssignal.h"
#include "systime.h"
#include "tparam.h"
#include "xwidget.h"
#include "pdumper.h"

#ifdef HAVE_WINDOW_SYSTEM
#include TERM_HEADER
#endif /* HAVE_WINDOW_SYSTEM */

#include <errno.h>

#include <fpending.h>

#ifdef WINDOWSNT
#include "w32.h"
#endif

/* Structure to pass dimensions around.  Used for character bounding
   boxes, glyph matrix dimensions and alike.  */

struct dim
{
  int width;
  int height;
};


/* Function prototypes.  */

static void update_frame_line (struct frame *, int, bool);
static int required_matrix_height (struct window *);
static int required_matrix_width (struct window *);
static void increment_row_positions (struct glyph_row *, ptrdiff_t, ptrdiff_t);
static void build_frame_matrix_from_window_tree (struct glyph_matrix *,
                                                 struct window *);
static void build_frame_matrix_from_leaf_window (struct glyph_matrix *,
                                                 struct window *);
static void adjust_decode_mode_spec_buffer (struct frame *);
static void fill_up_glyph_row_with_spaces (struct glyph_row *);
static void clear_window_matrices (struct window *, bool);
static void fill_up_glyph_row_area_with_spaces (struct glyph_row *, int);
static int scrolling_window (struct window *, bool);
static bool update_window_line (struct window *, int, bool *);
static void mirror_make_current (struct window *, int);
#ifdef GLYPH_DEBUG
static void check_matrix_pointers (struct glyph_matrix *,
                                   struct glyph_matrix *);
#endif
static void mirror_line_dance (struct window *, int, int, int *, char *);
static bool update_window_tree (struct window *, bool);
static bool update_window (struct window *, bool);
static bool update_frame_1 (struct frame *, bool, bool, bool, bool);
static bool scrolling (struct frame *);
static void set_window_cursor_after_update (struct window *);
static void adjust_frame_glyphs_for_window_redisplay (struct frame *);
static void adjust_frame_glyphs_for_frame_redisplay (struct frame *);
static void set_window_update_flags (struct window *w, bool on_p);

/* True means last display completed.  False means it was preempted.  */

bool display_completed;

/* True means SIGWINCH happened when not safe.  */

static bool delayed_size_change;

/* A glyph for a space.  */

struct glyph space_glyph;

#if defined GLYPH_DEBUG && defined ENABLE_CHECKING

/* Counts of allocated structures.  These counts serve to diagnose
   memory leaks and double frees.  */

static int glyph_matrix_count;
static int glyph_pool_count;

#endif /* GLYPH_DEBUG and ENABLE_CHECKING */

/* If non-null, the frame whose frame matrices are manipulated.  If
   null, window matrices are worked on.  */

static struct frame *frame_matrix_frame;

/* Convert vpos and hpos from frame to window and vice versa.
   This may only be used for terminal frames.  */

#ifdef GLYPH_DEBUG

static int window_to_frame_vpos (struct window *, int);
static int window_to_frame_hpos (struct window *, int);
#define WINDOW_TO_FRAME_VPOS(W, VPOS) window_to_frame_vpos ((W), (VPOS))
#define WINDOW_TO_FRAME_HPOS(W, HPOS) window_to_frame_hpos ((W), (HPOS))

/* One element of the ring buffer containing redisplay history
   information.  */

struct redisplay_history
{
  char trace[512 + 100];
};

/* The size of the history buffer.  */

#define REDISPLAY_HISTORY_SIZE	30

/* The redisplay history buffer.  */

static struct redisplay_history redisplay_history[REDISPLAY_HISTORY_SIZE];

/* Next free entry in redisplay_history.  */

static int history_idx;

/* A tick that's incremented each time something is added to the
   history.  */

static uprintmax_t history_tick;

/* Add to the redisplay history how window W has been displayed.
   MSG is a trace containing the information how W's glyph matrix
   has been constructed.  PAUSED_P means that the update
   has been interrupted for pending input.  */

static void
add_window_display_history (struct window *w, const char *msg, bool paused_p)
{
  char *buf;
  void *ptr = w;

  if (history_idx >= REDISPLAY_HISTORY_SIZE)
    history_idx = 0;
  buf = redisplay_history[history_idx].trace;
  ++history_idx;

  snprintf (buf, sizeof redisplay_history[0].trace,
	    "%"pMu": window %p (%s)%s\n%s",
	    history_tick++,
	    ptr,
	    ((BUFFERP (w->contents)
	      && STRINGP (BVAR (XBUFFER (w->contents), name)))
	     ? SSDATA (BVAR (XBUFFER (w->contents), name))
	     : "???"),
	    paused_p ? " ***paused***" : "",
	    msg);
}


/* Add to the redisplay history that frame F has been displayed.
   PAUSED_P means that the update has been interrupted for
   pending input.  */

static void
add_frame_display_history (struct frame *f, bool paused_p)
{
  char *buf;
  void *ptr = f;

  if (history_idx >= REDISPLAY_HISTORY_SIZE)
    history_idx = 0;
  buf = redisplay_history[history_idx].trace;
  ++history_idx;

  sprintf (buf, "%"pMu": update frame %p%s",
	   history_tick++,
	   ptr, paused_p ? " ***paused***" : "");
}


DEFUN ("dump-redisplay-history", Fdump_redisplay_history,
       Sdump_redisplay_history, 0, 0, "",
       doc: /* Dump redisplay history to stderr.  */)
  (void)
{
  int i;

  for (i = history_idx - 1; i != history_idx; --i)
    {
      if (i < 0)
	i = REDISPLAY_HISTORY_SIZE - 1;
      fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", redisplay_history[i].trace);
    }

  return Qnil;
}


#else /* not GLYPH_DEBUG */

#define WINDOW_TO_FRAME_VPOS(W, VPOS) ((VPOS) + WINDOW_TOP_EDGE_LINE (W))
#define WINDOW_TO_FRAME_HPOS(W, HPOS) ((HPOS) + WINDOW_LEFT_EDGE_COL (W))

#endif /* GLYPH_DEBUG */


#if defined PROFILING && !HAVE___EXECUTABLE_START
/* This function comes first in the Emacs executable and is used only
   to estimate the text start for profiling.  */
void
__executable_start (void)
{
  emacs_abort ();
}
#endif

/***********************************************************************
			    Glyph Matrices
 ***********************************************************************/

/* Allocate and return a glyph_matrix structure.  POOL is the glyph
   pool from which memory for the matrix should be allocated, or null
   for window-based redisplay where no glyph pools are used.  The
   member `pool' of the glyph matrix structure returned is set to
   POOL, the structure is otherwise zeroed.  */

static struct glyph_matrix *
new_glyph_matrix (struct glyph_pool *pool)
{
  struct glyph_matrix *result = xzalloc (sizeof *result);

#if defined GLYPH_DEBUG && defined ENABLE_CHECKING
  /* Increment number of allocated matrices.  This count is used
     to detect memory leaks.  */
  ++glyph_matrix_count;
#endif

  /* Set pool and return.  */
  result->pool = pool;
  return result;
}


/* Free glyph matrix MATRIX.  Passing in a null MATRIX is allowed.

   If GLYPH_DEBUG and ENABLE_CHECKING are in effect, the global counter
   glyph_matrix_count is decremented when a matrix is freed.  If the count
   gets negative, more structures were freed than allocated, i.e. one matrix
   was freed more than once or a bogus pointer was passed to this function.

   If MATRIX->pool is null, this means that the matrix manages its own
   glyph memory---this is done for matrices on X frames.  Freeing the
   matrix also frees the glyph memory in this case.  */

static void
free_glyph_matrix (struct glyph_matrix *matrix)
{
  if (matrix)
    {
      int i;

#if defined GLYPH_DEBUG && defined ENABLE_CHECKING
      /* Detect the case that more matrices are freed than were
	 allocated.  */
      --glyph_matrix_count;
      eassert (glyph_matrix_count >= 0);
#endif

      /* Free glyph memory if MATRIX owns it.  */
      if (matrix->pool == NULL)
	for (i = 0; i < matrix->rows_allocated; ++i)
	  xfree (matrix->rows[i].glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA]);

      /* Free row structures and the matrix itself.  */
      xfree (matrix->rows);
      xfree (matrix);
    }
}


/* Return the number of glyphs to reserve for a marginal area of
   window W.  TOTAL_GLYPHS is the number of glyphs in a complete
   display line of window W.  MARGIN gives the width of the marginal
   area in canonical character units.  */

static int
margin_glyphs_to_reserve (struct window *w, int total_glyphs, int margin)
{
  if (margin > 0)
    {
      int width = w->total_cols;
      double d = max (0, margin);
      d = min (width / 2 - 1, d);
      /* Since MARGIN is positive, we cannot possibly have less than
	 one glyph for the marginal area.  */
      return max (1, (int) ((double) total_glyphs / width * d));
    }
  return 0;
}

/* Return true if ROW's hash value is correct.
   Optimized away if ENABLE_CHECKING is not defined.  */

static bool
verify_row_hash (struct glyph_row *row)
{
  return row->hash == row_hash (row);
}

/* Adjust glyph matrix MATRIX on window W or on a frame to changed
   window sizes.

   W is null if the function is called for a frame glyph matrix.
   Otherwise it is the window MATRIX is a member of.  X and Y are the
   indices of the first column and row of MATRIX within the frame
   matrix, if such a matrix exists.  They are zero for purely
   window-based redisplay.  DIM is the needed size of the matrix.

   In window-based redisplay, where no frame matrices exist, glyph
   matrices manage their own glyph storage.  Otherwise, they allocate
   storage from a common frame glyph pool which can be found in
   MATRIX->pool.

   The reason for this memory management strategy is to avoid complete
   frame redraws if possible.  When we allocate from a common pool, a
   change of the location or size of a sub-matrix within the pool
   requires a complete redisplay of the frame because we cannot easily
   make sure that the current matrices of all windows still agree with
   what is displayed on the screen.  While this is usually fast, it
   leads to screen flickering.  */

static void
adjust_glyph_matrix (struct window *w, struct glyph_matrix *matrix, int x, int y, struct dim dim)
{
  int i;
  int new_rows;
  bool marginal_areas_changed_p = 0;
  bool header_line_changed_p = 0;
  bool header_line_p = 0;
  int left = -1, right = -1;
  int window_width = -1, window_height = -1;

  /* See if W had a header line that has disappeared now, or vice versa.
     Get W's size.  */
  if (w)
    {
      window_box (w, ANY_AREA, 0, 0, &window_width, &window_height);

      header_line_p = window_wants_header_line (w);
      header_line_changed_p = header_line_p != matrix->header_line_p;
    }
  matrix->header_line_p = header_line_p;

  /* If POOL is null, MATRIX is a window matrix for window-based redisplay.
     Do nothing if MATRIX' size, position, vscroll, and marginal areas
     haven't changed.  This optimization is important because preserving
     the matrix means preventing redisplay.  */
  eassume (w != NULL || matrix->pool != NULL);
  if (matrix->pool == NULL)
    {
      left = margin_glyphs_to_reserve (w, dim.width, w->left_margin_cols);
      right = margin_glyphs_to_reserve (w, dim.width, w->right_margin_cols);
      eassert (left >= 0 && right >= 0);
      marginal_areas_changed_p = (left != matrix->left_margin_glyphs
				  || right != matrix->right_margin_glyphs);

      if (!marginal_areas_changed_p
	  && !XFRAME (w->frame)->fonts_changed
	  && !header_line_changed_p
	  && matrix->window_pixel_left == WINDOW_LEFT_PIXEL_EDGE (w)
	  && matrix->window_pixel_top == WINDOW_TOP_PIXEL_EDGE (w)
	  && matrix->window_height == window_height
	  && matrix->window_vscroll == w->vscroll
	  && matrix->window_width == window_width)
	return;
    }

  /* Enlarge MATRIX->rows if necessary.  New rows are cleared.  */
  if (matrix->rows_allocated < dim.height)
    {
      int old_alloc = matrix->rows_allocated;
      new_rows = dim.height - matrix->rows_allocated;
      matrix->rows = xpalloc (matrix->rows, &matrix->rows_allocated,
			      new_rows, INT_MAX, sizeof *matrix->rows);
      memset (matrix->rows + old_alloc, 0,
	      (matrix->rows_allocated - old_alloc) * sizeof *matrix->rows);
    }
  else
    new_rows = 0;

  /* If POOL is not null, MATRIX is a frame matrix or a window matrix
     on a frame not using window-based redisplay.  Set up pointers for
     each row into the glyph pool.  */
  if (matrix->pool)
    {
      eassert (matrix->pool->glyphs);

      if (w)
	{
	  left = margin_glyphs_to_reserve (w, dim.width,
					   w->left_margin_cols);
	  right = margin_glyphs_to_reserve (w, dim.width,
					    w->right_margin_cols);
	}
      else
	left = right = 0;

      for (i = 0; i < dim.height; ++i)
	{
	  struct glyph_row *row = &matrix->rows[i];

	  row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA]
	    = (matrix->pool->glyphs
	       + (y + i) * matrix->pool->ncolumns
	       + x);

	  if (w == NULL
	      || (row == matrix->rows + dim.height - 1
		  && window_wants_mode_line (w))
	      || (row == matrix->rows && matrix->header_line_p))
	    {
	      row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA]
		= row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA];
	      row->glyphs[RIGHT_MARGIN_AREA]
		= row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA] + dim.width;
	      row->glyphs[LAST_AREA]
		= row->glyphs[RIGHT_MARGIN_AREA];
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA]
		= row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA] + left;
	      row->glyphs[RIGHT_MARGIN_AREA]
		= row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA] + dim.width - left - right;
	      row->glyphs[LAST_AREA]
		= row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA] + dim.width;
	    }
	}

      matrix->left_margin_glyphs = left;
      matrix->right_margin_glyphs = right;
    }
  else
    {
      /* If MATRIX->pool is null, MATRIX is responsible for managing
	 its own memory.  It is a window matrix for window-based redisplay.
	 Allocate glyph memory from the heap.  */
      if (dim.width > matrix->matrix_w
	  || new_rows
	  || header_line_changed_p
	  || marginal_areas_changed_p)
	{
	  struct glyph_row *row = matrix->rows;
	  struct glyph_row *end = row + matrix->rows_allocated;

	  while (row < end)
	    {
	      row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA]
		= xnrealloc (row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA],
			     dim.width, sizeof (struct glyph));

	      /* The mode line, if displayed, never has marginal areas.  */
	      if ((row == matrix->rows + dim.height - 1
		   && !(w && window_wants_mode_line (w)))
		  || (row == matrix->rows && matrix->header_line_p))
		{
		  row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA]
		    = row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA];
		  row->glyphs[RIGHT_MARGIN_AREA]
		    = row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA] + dim.width;
		  row->glyphs[LAST_AREA]
		    = row->glyphs[RIGHT_MARGIN_AREA];
		}
	      else
		{
		  row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA]
		    = row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA] + left;
		  row->glyphs[RIGHT_MARGIN_AREA]
		    = row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA] + dim.width - left - right;
		  row->glyphs[LAST_AREA]
		    = row->glyphs[LEFT_MARGIN_AREA] + dim.width;
		}
	      ++row;
	    }
	}

      eassert (left >= 0 && right >= 0);
      matrix->left_margin_glyphs = left;
      matrix->right_margin_glyphs = right;
    }

  /* Number of rows to be used by MATRIX.  */
  matrix->nrows = dim.height;
  eassert (matrix->nrows >= 0);

  if (w)
    {
      if (matrix == w->current_matrix)
	{
	  /* Mark rows in a current matrix of a window as not having
	     valid contents.  It's important to not do this for
	     desired matrices.  When Emacs starts, it may already be
	     building desired matrices when this function runs.  */
	  if (window_width < 0)
	    window_width = window_box_width (w, -1);

	  /* Optimize the case that only the height has changed (C-x 2,
	     upper window).  Invalidate all rows that are no longer part
	     of the window.  */
	  if (!marginal_areas_changed_p
	      && !header_line_changed_p
	      && new_rows == 0
	      && dim.width == matrix->matrix_w
	      && matrix->window_pixel_left == WINDOW_LEFT_PIXEL_EDGE (w)
	      && matrix->window_pixel_top == WINDOW_TOP_PIXEL_EDGE (w)
	      && matrix->window_width == window_width)
	    {
	      /* Find the last row in the window.  */
	      for (i = 0; i < matrix->nrows && matrix->rows[i].enabled_p; ++i)
		if (MATRIX_ROW_BOTTOM_Y (matrix->rows + i) >= window_height)
		  {
		    ++i;
		    break;
		  }

	      /* Window end is invalid, if inside of the rows that
		 are invalidated below.  */
	      if (w->window_end_vpos >= i)
		w->window_end_valid = 0;

	      while (i < matrix->nrows)
		matrix->rows[i++].enabled_p = false;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      for (i = 0; i < matrix->nrows; ++i)
		matrix->rows[i].enabled_p = false;
	    }
	  /* We've disabled the mode-line row, so force redrawing of
	     the mode line, if any, since otherwise it will remain
	     disabled in the current matrix, and expose events won't
	     redraw it.  */
	  if (window_wants_mode_line (w))
	    w->update_mode_line = 1;
	}
      else if (matrix == w->desired_matrix)
	{
	  /* Rows in desired matrices always have to be cleared;
	     redisplay expects this is the case when it runs, so it
	     had better be the case when we adjust matrices between
	     redisplays.  */
	  for (i = 0; i < matrix->nrows; ++i)
	    matrix->rows[i].enabled_p = false;
	}
    }


  /* Remember last values to be able to optimize frame redraws.  */
  matrix->matrix_x = x;
  matrix->matrix_y = y;
  matrix->matrix_w = dim.width;
  matrix->matrix_h = dim.height;

  /* Record the top y location and height of W at the time the matrix
     was last adjusted.  This is used to optimize redisplay above.  */
  if (w)
    {
      matrix->window_pixel_left = WINDOW_LEFT_PIXEL_EDGE (w);
      matrix->window_pixel_top = WINDOW_TOP_PIXEL_EDGE (w);
      matrix->window_height = window_height;
      matrix->window_width = window_width;
      matrix->window_vscroll = w->vscroll;
    }
}


/* Reverse the contents of rows in MATRIX between START and END.  The
   contents of the row at END - 1 end up at START, END - 2 at START +
   1 etc.  This is part of the implementation of rotate_matrix (see
   below).  */

static void
reverse_rows (struct glyph_matrix *matrix, int start, int end)
{
  int i, j;

  for (i = start, j = end - 1; i < j; ++i, --j)
    {
      /* Non-ISO HP/UX compiler doesn't like auto struct
	 initialization.  */
      struct glyph_row temp;
      temp = matrix->rows[i];
      matrix->rows[i] = matrix->rows[j];
      matrix->rows[j] = temp;
    }
}


/* Rotate the contents of rows in MATRIX in the range FIRST .. LAST -
   1 by BY positions.  BY < 0 means rotate left, i.e. towards lower
   indices.  (Note: this does not copy glyphs, only glyph pointers in
   row structures are moved around).

   The algorithm used for rotating the vector was, I believe, first
   described by Kernighan.  See the vector R as consisting of two
   sub-vectors AB, where A has length BY for BY >= 0.  The result
   after rotating is then BA.  Reverse both sub-vectors to get ArBr
   and reverse the result to get (ArBr)r which is BA.  Similar for
   rotating right.  */

void
rotate_matrix (struct glyph_matrix *matrix, int first, int last, int by)
{
  if (by < 0)
    {
      /* Up (rotate left, i.e. towards lower indices).  */
      by = -by;
      reverse_rows (matrix, first, first + by);
      reverse_rows (matrix, first + by, last);
      reverse_rows (matrix, first, last);
    }
  else if (by > 0)
    {
      /* Down (rotate right, i.e. towards higher indices).  */
      reverse_rows (matrix, last - by, last);
      reverse_rows (matrix, first, last - by);
      reverse_rows (matrix, first, last);
    }
}


/* Increment buffer positions in glyph rows of MATRIX.  Do it for rows
   with indices START <= index < END.  Increment positions by DELTA/
   DELTA_BYTES.  */

void
increment_matrix_positions (struct glyph_matrix *matrix, int start, int end,
			    ptrdiff_t delta, ptrdiff_t delta_bytes)
{
  /* Check that START and END are reasonable values.  */
  eassert (start >= 0 && start <= matrix->nrows);
  eassert (end >= 0 && end <= matrix->nrows);
  eassert (start <= end);

  for (; start < end; ++start)
    increment_row_positions (matrix->rows + start, delta, delta_bytes);
}


/* Clear the enable_p flags in a range of rows in glyph matrix MATRIX.
   START and END are the row indices of the first and last + 1 row to clear.  */

void
clear_glyph_matrix_rows (struct glyph_matrix *matrix, int start, int end)
{
  eassert (start <= end);
  eassert (start >= 0 && (start < matrix->nrows
			  /* matrix->nrows can be 0 for the initial frame.  */
			  || (matrix->nrows == 0)));
  eassert (end >= 0 && end <= matrix->nrows);

  for (; start < end; ++start)
    matrix->rows[start].enabled_p = false;
}


/* Clear MATRIX.

   Empty all rows in MATRIX by clearing their enabled_p flags.
   The function prepare_desired_row will eventually really clear a row
   when it sees one with a false enabled_p flag.

   Reset update hints to default values.  The only update hint
   currently present is the flag MATRIX->no_scrolling_p.  */

void
clear_glyph_matrix (struct glyph_matrix *matrix)
{
  if (matrix)
    {
      clear_glyph_matrix_rows (matrix, 0, matrix->nrows);
      matrix->no_scrolling_p = 0;
    }
}


/* Shift part of the glyph matrix MATRIX of window W up or down.
   Increment y-positions in glyph rows between START and END by DY,
   and recompute their visible height.  */

void
shift_glyph_matrix (struct window *w, struct glyph_matrix *matrix, int start, int end, int dy)
{
  int min_y, max_y;

  eassert (start <= end);
  eassert (start >= 0 && start < matrix->nrows);
  eassert (end >= 0 && end <= matrix->nrows);

  min_y = WINDOW_HEADER_LINE_HEIGHT (w);
  max_y = WINDOW_BOX_HEIGHT_NO_MODE_LINE (w);

  for (; start < end; ++start)
    {
      struct glyph_row *row = &matrix->rows[start];

      row->y += dy;
      row->visible_height = row->height;

      if (row->y < min_y)
	row->visible_height -= min_y - row->y;
      if (row->y + row->height > max_y)
	row->visible_height -= row->y + row->height - max_y;
      if (row->fringe_bitmap_periodic_p)
	row->redraw_fringe_bitmaps_p = 1;
    }
}


/* Mark all rows in current matrices of frame F as invalid.  Marking
   invalid is done by setting enabled_p to zero for all rows in a
   current matrix.  */

void
clear_current_matrices (register struct frame *f)
{
  /* Clear frame current matrix, if we have one.  */
  if (f->current_matrix)
    clear_glyph_matrix (f->current_matrix);

#if defined (HAVE_X_WINDOWS) && ! defined (USE_X_TOOLKIT) && ! defined (USE_GTK)
  /* Clear the matrix of the menu bar window, if such a window exists.
     The menu bar window is currently used to display menus on X when
     no toolkit support is compiled in.  */
  if (WINDOWP (f->menu_bar_window))
    clear_glyph_matrix (XWINDOW (f->menu_bar_window)->current_matrix);
#endif

#if defined (HAVE_WINDOW_SYSTEM) && ! defined (HAVE_EXT_TOOL_BAR)
  /* Clear the matrix of the tool-bar window, if any.  */
  if (WINDOWP (f->tool_bar_window))
    clear_glyph_matrix (XWINDOW (f->tool_bar_window)->current_matrix);
#endif

  /* Clear current window matrices.  */
  eassert (WINDOWP (FRAME_ROOT_WINDOW (f)));
  clear_window_matrices (XWINDOW (FRAME_ROOT_WINDOW (f)), 0);
}


/* Clear out all display lines of F for a coming redisplay.  */

void
clear_desired_matrices (register struct frame *f)
{
  if (f->desired_matrix)
    clear_glyph_matrix (f->desired_matrix);

#if defined (HAVE_X_WINDOWS) && ! defined (USE_X_TOOLKIT) && ! defined (USE_GTK)
  if (WINDOWP (f->menu_bar_window))
    clear_glyph_matrix (XWINDOW (f->menu_bar_window)->desired_matrix);
#endif

#if defined (HAVE_WINDOW_SYSTEM) && ! defined (HAVE_EXT_TOOL_BAR)
  if (WINDOWP (f->tool_bar_window))
    clear_glyph_matrix (XWINDOW (f->tool_bar_window)->desired_matrix);
#endif

  /* Do it for window matrices.  */
  eassert (WINDOWP (FRAME_ROOT_WINDOW (f)));
  clear_window_matrices (XWINDOW (FRAME_ROOT_WINDOW (f)), 1);
}


/* Clear matrices in window tree rooted in W.  If DESIRED_P,
   clear desired matrices, otherwise clear current matrices.  */

static void
clear_window_matrices (struct window *w, bool desired_p)
{
  while (w)
    {
      if (WINDOWP (w->contents))
	clear_window_matrices (XWINDOW (w->contents), desired_p);
      else
	{
	  if (desired_p)
	    clear_glyph_matrix (w->desired_matrix);
	  else
	    {
	      clear_glyph_matrix (w->current_matrix);
	      w->window_end_valid = 0;
	    }
	}

      w = NILP (w->next) ? 0 : XWINDOW (w->next);
    }
}



/***********************************************************************
			      Glyph Rows

      See dispextern.h for an overall explanation of glyph rows.
 ***********************************************************************/

/* Clear glyph row ROW.  NOTE: this code relies on the current
   layout of `glyphs' and `used' fields of `struct glyph_row'.  */

void
clear_glyph_row (struct glyph_row *row)
{
  enum { off = offsetof (struct glyph_row, used) };

  /* Zero everything except pointers in `glyphs'.  */
  memset (row->used, 0, sizeof *row - off);
}


/* Make ROW an empty, enabled row of canonical character height,
   in window W starting at y-position Y.  */

void
blank_row (struct window *w, struct glyph_row *row, int y)
{
  int min_y, max_y;

  min_y = WINDOW_HEADER_LINE_HEIGHT (w);
  max_y = WINDOW_BOX_HEIGHT_NO_MODE_LINE (w);

  clear_glyph_row (row);
  row->y = y;
  row->ascent = row->phys_ascent = 0;
  row->height = row->phys_height = FRAME_LINE_HEIGHT (XFRAME (w->frame));
  row->visible_height = row->height;

  if (row->y < min_y)
    row->visible_height -= min_y - row->y;
  if (row->y + row->height > max_y)
    row->visible_height -= row->y + row->height - max_y;

  row->enabled_p = true;
}


/* Increment buffer positions in glyph row ROW.  DELTA and DELTA_BYTES
   are the amounts by which to change positions.  Note that the first
   glyph of the text area of a row can have a buffer position even if
   the used count of the text area is zero.  Such rows display line
   ends.  */

static void
increment_row_positions (struct glyph_row *row,
			 ptrdiff_t delta, ptrdiff_t delta_bytes)
{
  int area, i;

  /* Increment start and end positions.  */
  MATRIX_ROW_START_CHARPOS (row) += delta;
  MATRIX_ROW_START_BYTEPOS (row) += delta_bytes;
  MATRIX_ROW_END_CHARPOS (row) += delta;
  MATRIX_ROW_END_BYTEPOS (row) += delta_bytes;
  CHARPOS (row->start.pos) += delta;
  BYTEPOS (row->start.pos) += delta_bytes;
  CHARPOS (row->end.pos) += delta;
  BYTEPOS (row->end.pos) += delta_bytes;

  if (!row->enabled_p)
    return;

  /* Increment positions in glyphs.  */
  for (area = 0; area < LAST_AREA; ++area)
    for (i = 0; i < row->used[area]; ++i)
      if (BUFFERP (row->glyphs[area][i].object)
	  && row->glyphs[area][i].charpos > 0)
	row->glyphs[area][i].charpos += delta;

  /* Capture the case of rows displaying a line end.  */
  if (row->used[TEXT_AREA] == 0
      && MATRIX_ROW_DISPLAYS_TEXT_P (row))
    row->glyphs[TEXT_AREA]->charpos += delta;
}


#if 0
/* Swap glyphs between two glyph rows A and B.  This exchanges glyph
   contents, i.e. glyph structure contents are exchanged between A and
   B without changing glyph pointers in A and B.  */

static void
swap_glyphs_in_rows (struct glyph_row *a, struct glyph_row *b)
{
  int area;

  for (area = 0; area < LAST_AREA; ++area)
    {
      /* Number of glyphs to swap.  */
      int max_used = max (a->used[area], b->used[area]);

      /* Start of glyphs in area of row A.  */
      struct glyph *glyph_a = a->glyphs[area];

      /* End + 1 of glyphs in area of row A.  */
      struct glyph *glyph_a_end = a->glyphs[max_used];

      /* Start of glyphs in area of row B.  */
      struct glyph *glyph_b = b->glyphs[area];

      while (glyph_a < glyph_a_end)
	{
	  /* Non-ISO HP/UX compiler doesn't like auto struct
             initialization.  */
	  struct glyph temp;
	  temp = *glyph_a;
	  *glyph_a = *glyph_b;
	  *glyph_b = temp;
	  ++glyph_a;
	  ++glyph_b;
	}
    }
}

#endif /* 0 */

/* Exchange pointers to glyph memory between glyph rows A and B.  Also
   exchange the used[] array and the hash values of the rows, because
   these should all go together for the row's hash value to be
   correct.  */

static void
swap_glyph_pointers (struct glyph_row *a, struct glyph_row *b)
{
  int i;
  unsigned hash_tem = a->hash;

  for (i = 0; i < LAST_AREA + 1; ++i)
    {
      struct glyph *temp = a->glyphs[i];

      a->glyphs[i] = b->glyphs[i];
      b->glyphs[i] = temp;
      if (i < LAST_AREA)
	{
	  short used_tem = a->used[i];

	  a->used[i] = b->used[i];
	  b->used[i] = used_tem;
	}
    }
  a->hash = b->hash;
  b->hash = hash_tem;
}


/* Copy glyph row structure FROM to glyph row structure TO, except that
   glyph pointers, the `used' counts, and the hash values in the structures
   are left unchanged.  NOTE: this code relies on the current layout of
   `glyphs', `used', `hash' and `x' fields of `struct glyph_row'.  */

static void
copy_row_except_pointers (struct glyph_row *to, struct glyph_row *from)
{
  enum { off = offsetof (struct glyph_row, x) };

  memcpy (&to->x, &from->x, sizeof *to - off);
}


/* Assign glyph row FROM to glyph row TO.  This works like a structure
   assignment TO = FROM, except that glyph pointers are not copied but
   exchanged between TO and FROM.  Pointers must be exchanged to avoid
   a memory leak.  */

static void
assign_row (struct glyph_row *to, struct glyph_row *from)
{
  swap_glyph_pointers (to, from);
  copy_row_except_pointers (to, from);
}


/* Test whether the glyph memory of the glyph row WINDOW_ROW, which is
   a row in a window matrix, is a slice of the glyph memory of the
   glyph row FRAME_ROW which is a row in a frame glyph matrix.  Value
   is true if the glyph memory of WINDOW_ROW is part of the glyph
   memory of FRAME_ROW.  */

#ifdef GLYPH_DEBUG