editfns.c

/* Lisp functions pertaining to editing.                 -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

Copyright (C) 1985-1987, 1989, 1993-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */


#include <config.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#ifdef HAVE_PWD_H
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#endif

#include <unistd.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UTSNAME_H
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#endif

#include "lisp.h"

/* systime.h includes <sys/time.h> which, on some systems, is required
   for <sys/resource.h>; thus systime.h must be included before
   <sys/resource.h> */
#include "systime.h"

#if defined HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
#include <sys/resource.h>
#endif

#include <errno.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include <intprops.h>
#include <strftime.h>
#include <verify.h>

#include "composite.h"
#include "intervals.h"
#include "character.h"
#include "buffer.h"
#include "coding.h"
#include "window.h"
#include "blockinput.h"

#define TM_YEAR_BASE 1900

#ifdef WINDOWSNT
extern Lisp_Object w32_get_internal_run_time (void);
#endif

static struct lisp_time lisp_time_struct (Lisp_Object, int *);
static Lisp_Object format_time_string (char const *, ptrdiff_t, struct timespec,
				       Lisp_Object, struct tm *);
static long int tm_gmtoff (struct tm *);
static int tm_diff (struct tm *, struct tm *);
static void update_buffer_properties (ptrdiff_t, ptrdiff_t);
static Lisp_Object styled_format (ptrdiff_t, Lisp_Object *, bool);

#ifndef HAVE_TM_GMTOFF
# define HAVE_TM_GMTOFF false
#endif

enum { tzeqlen = sizeof "TZ=" - 1 };

/* Time zones equivalent to current local time, to wall clock time,
   and to UTC, respectively.  */
static timezone_t local_tz;
static timezone_t wall_clock_tz;
static timezone_t const utc_tz = 0;

/* A valid but unlikely setting for the TZ environment variable.
   It is OK (though a bit slower) if the user chooses this value.  */
static char dump_tz_string[] = "TZ=UtC0";

/* The cached value of Vsystem_name.  This is used only to compare it
   to Vsystem_name, so it need not be visible to the GC.  */
static Lisp_Object cached_system_name;

static void
init_and_cache_system_name (void)
{
  init_system_name ();
  cached_system_name = Vsystem_name;
}

static struct tm *
emacs_localtime_rz (timezone_t tz, time_t const *t, struct tm *tm)
{
  tm = localtime_rz (tz, t, tm);
  if (!tm && errno == ENOMEM)
    memory_full (SIZE_MAX);
  return tm;
}

static time_t
emacs_mktime_z (timezone_t tz, struct tm *tm)
{
  errno = 0;
  time_t t = mktime_z (tz, tm);
  if (t == (time_t) -1 && errno == ENOMEM)
    memory_full (SIZE_MAX);
  return t;
}

/* Allocate a timezone, signaling on failure.  */
static timezone_t
xtzalloc (char const *name)
{
  timezone_t tz = tzalloc (name);
  if (!tz)
    memory_full (SIZE_MAX);
  return tz;
}

/* Free a timezone, except do not free the time zone for local time.
   Freeing utc_tz is also a no-op.  */
static void
xtzfree (timezone_t tz)
{
  if (tz != local_tz)
    tzfree (tz);
}

/* Convert the Lisp time zone rule ZONE to a timezone_t object.
   The returned value either is 0, or is LOCAL_TZ, or is newly allocated.
   If SETTZ, set Emacs local time to the time zone rule; otherwise,
   the caller should eventually pass the returned value to xtzfree.  */
static timezone_t
tzlookup (Lisp_Object zone, bool settz)
{
  static char const tzbuf_format[] = "XXX%s%"pI"d:%02d:%02d";
  char tzbuf[sizeof tzbuf_format + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (EMACS_INT)];
  char const *zone_string;
  timezone_t new_tz;

  if (NILP (zone))
    return local_tz;
  else if (EQ (zone, Qt))
    {
      zone_string = "UTC0";
      new_tz = utc_tz;
    }
  else
    {
      if (EQ (zone, Qwall))
	zone_string = 0;
      else if (STRINGP (zone))
	zone_string = SSDATA (zone);
      else if (INTEGERP (zone))
	{
	  EMACS_INT abszone = eabs (XINT (zone)), hour = abszone / (60 * 60);
	  int min = (abszone / 60) % 60, sec = abszone % 60;
	  sprintf (tzbuf, tzbuf_format, &"-"[XINT (zone) < 0], hour, min, sec);
	  zone_string = tzbuf;
	}
      else
	xsignal2 (Qerror, build_string ("Invalid time zone specification"),
		  zone);
      new_tz = xtzalloc (zone_string);
    }

  if (settz)
    {
      block_input ();
      emacs_setenv_TZ (zone_string);
      timezone_t old_tz = local_tz;
      local_tz = new_tz;
      tzfree (old_tz);
      unblock_input ();
    }

  return new_tz;
}

void
init_editfns (bool dumping)
{
  const char *user_name;
  register char *p;
  struct passwd *pw;	/* password entry for the current user */
  Lisp_Object tem;

  /* Set up system_name even when dumping.  */
  init_and_cache_system_name ();

#ifndef CANNOT_DUMP
  /* When just dumping out, set the time zone to a known unlikely value
     and skip the rest of this function.  */
  if (dumping)
    {
# ifdef HAVE_TZSET
      xputenv (dump_tz_string);
      tzset ();
# endif
      return;
    }
#endif

  char *tz = getenv ("TZ");

#if !defined CANNOT_DUMP && defined HAVE_TZSET
  /* If the execution TZ happens to be the same as the dump TZ,
     change it to some other value and then change it back,
     to force the underlying implementation to reload the TZ info.
     This is needed on implementations that load TZ info from files,
     since the TZ file contents may differ between dump and execution.  */
  if (tz && strcmp (tz, &dump_tz_string[tzeqlen]) == 0)
    {
      ++*tz;
      tzset ();
      --*tz;
    }
#endif

  /* Set the time zone rule now, so that the call to putenv is done
     before multiple threads are active.  */
  wall_clock_tz = xtzalloc (0);
  tzlookup (tz ? build_string (tz) : Qwall, true);

  pw = getpwuid (getuid ());
#ifdef MSDOS
  /* We let the real user name default to "root" because that's quite
     accurate on MS-DOS and because it lets Emacs find the init file.
     (The DVX libraries override the Djgpp libraries here.)  */
  Vuser_real_login_name = build_string (pw ? pw->pw_name : "root");
#else
  Vuser_real_login_name = build_string (pw ? pw->pw_name : "unknown");
#endif

  /* Get the effective user name, by consulting environment variables,
     or the effective uid if those are unset.  */
  user_name = getenv ("LOGNAME");
  if (!user_name)
#ifdef WINDOWSNT
    user_name = getenv ("USERNAME");	/* it's USERNAME on NT */
#else  /* WINDOWSNT */
    user_name = getenv ("USER");
#endif /* WINDOWSNT */
  if (!user_name)
    {
      pw = getpwuid (geteuid ());
      user_name = pw ? pw->pw_name : "unknown";
    }
  Vuser_login_name = build_string (user_name);

  /* If the user name claimed in the environment vars differs from
     the real uid, use the claimed name to find the full name.  */
  tem = Fstring_equal (Vuser_login_name, Vuser_real_login_name);
  if (! NILP (tem))
    tem = Vuser_login_name;
  else
    {
      uid_t euid = geteuid ();
      tem = make_fixnum_or_float (euid);
    }
  Vuser_full_name = Fuser_full_name (tem);

  p = getenv ("NAME");
  if (p)
    Vuser_full_name = build_string (p);
  else if (NILP (Vuser_full_name))
    Vuser_full_name = build_string ("unknown");

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UTSNAME_H
  {
    struct utsname uts;
    uname (&uts);
    Voperating_system_release = build_string (uts.release);
  }
#else
  Voperating_system_release = Qnil;
#endif
}

DEFUN ("char-to-string", Fchar_to_string, Schar_to_string, 1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Convert arg CHAR to a string containing that character.
usage: (char-to-string CHAR)  */)
  (Lisp_Object character)
{
  int c, len;
  unsigned char str[MAX_MULTIBYTE_LENGTH];

  CHECK_CHARACTER (character);
  c = XFASTINT (character);

  len = CHAR_STRING (c, str);
  return make_string_from_bytes ((char *) str, 1, len);
}

DEFUN ("byte-to-string", Fbyte_to_string, Sbyte_to_string, 1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Convert arg BYTE to a unibyte string containing that byte.  */)
  (Lisp_Object byte)
{
  unsigned char b;
  CHECK_NUMBER (byte);
  if (XINT (byte) < 0 || XINT (byte) > 255)
    error ("Invalid byte");
  b = XINT (byte);
  return make_string_from_bytes ((char *) &b, 1, 1);
}

DEFUN ("string-to-char", Fstring_to_char, Sstring_to_char, 1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return the first character in STRING.  */)
  (register Lisp_Object string)
{
  register Lisp_Object val;
  CHECK_STRING (string);
  if (SCHARS (string))
    {
      if (STRING_MULTIBYTE (string))
	XSETFASTINT (val, STRING_CHAR (SDATA (string)));
      else
	XSETFASTINT (val, SREF (string, 0));
    }
  else
    XSETFASTINT (val, 0);
  return val;
}

DEFUN ("point", Fpoint, Spoint, 0, 0, 0,
       doc: /* Return value of point, as an integer.
Beginning of buffer is position (point-min).  */)
  (void)
{
  Lisp_Object temp;
  XSETFASTINT (temp, PT);
  return temp;
}

DEFUN ("point-marker", Fpoint_marker, Spoint_marker, 0, 0, 0,
       doc: /* Return value of point, as a marker object.  */)
  (void)
{
  return build_marker (current_buffer, PT, PT_BYTE);
}

DEFUN ("goto-char", Fgoto_char, Sgoto_char, 1, 1, "NGoto char: ",
       doc: /* Set point to POSITION, a number or marker.
Beginning of buffer is position (point-min), end is (point-max).

The return value is POSITION.  */)
  (register Lisp_Object position)
{
  if (MARKERP (position))
    set_point_from_marker (position);
  else if (INTEGERP (position))
    SET_PT (clip_to_bounds (BEGV, XINT (position), ZV));
  else
    wrong_type_argument (Qinteger_or_marker_p, position);
  return position;
}


/* Return the start or end position of the region.
   BEGINNINGP means return the start.
   If there is no region active, signal an error. */

static Lisp_Object
region_limit (bool beginningp)
{
  Lisp_Object m;

  if (!NILP (Vtransient_mark_mode)
      && NILP (Vmark_even_if_inactive)
      && NILP (BVAR (current_buffer, mark_active)))
    xsignal0 (Qmark_inactive);

  m = Fmarker_position (BVAR (current_buffer, mark));
  if (NILP (m))
    error ("The mark is not set now, so there is no region");

  /* Clip to the current narrowing (bug#11770).  */
  return make_number ((PT < XFASTINT (m)) == beginningp
		      ? PT
		      : clip_to_bounds (BEGV, XFASTINT (m), ZV));
}

DEFUN ("region-beginning", Fregion_beginning, Sregion_beginning, 0, 0, 0,
       doc: /* Return the integer value of point or mark, whichever is smaller.  */)
  (void)
{
  return region_limit (1);
}

DEFUN ("region-end", Fregion_end, Sregion_end, 0, 0, 0,
       doc: /* Return the integer value of point or mark, whichever is larger.  */)
  (void)
{
  return region_limit (0);
}

DEFUN ("mark-marker", Fmark_marker, Smark_marker, 0, 0, 0,
       doc: /* Return this buffer's mark, as a marker object.
Watch out!  Moving this marker changes the mark position.
If you set the marker not to point anywhere, the buffer will have no mark.  */)
  (void)
{
  return BVAR (current_buffer, mark);
}


/* Find all the overlays in the current buffer that touch position POS.
   Return the number found, and store them in a vector in VEC
   of length LEN.  */

static ptrdiff_t
overlays_around (EMACS_INT pos, Lisp_Object *vec, ptrdiff_t len)
{
  Lisp_Object overlay, start, end;
  struct Lisp_Overlay *tail;
  ptrdiff_t startpos, endpos;
  ptrdiff_t idx = 0;

  for (tail = current_buffer->overlays_before; tail; tail = tail->next)
    {
      XSETMISC (overlay, tail);

      end = OVERLAY_END (overlay);
      endpos = OVERLAY_POSITION (end);
      if (endpos < pos)
	  break;
      start = OVERLAY_START (overlay);
      startpos = OVERLAY_POSITION (start);
      if (startpos <= pos)
	{
	  if (idx < len)
	    vec[idx] = overlay;
	  /* Keep counting overlays even if we can't return them all.  */
	  idx++;
	}
    }

  for (tail = current_buffer->overlays_after; tail; tail = tail->next)
    {
      XSETMISC (overlay, tail);

      start = OVERLAY_START (overlay);
      startpos = OVERLAY_POSITION (start);
      if (pos < startpos)
	break;
      end = OVERLAY_END (overlay);
      endpos = OVERLAY_POSITION (end);
      if (pos <= endpos)
	{
	  if (idx < len)
	    vec[idx] = overlay;
	  idx++;
	}
    }

  return idx;
}

DEFUN ("get-pos-property", Fget_pos_property, Sget_pos_property, 2, 3, 0,
       doc: /* Return the value of POSITION's property PROP, in OBJECT.
Almost identical to `get-char-property' except for the following difference:
Whereas `get-char-property' returns the property of the char at (i.e. right
after) POSITION, this pays attention to properties's stickiness and overlays's
advancement settings, in order to find the property of POSITION itself,
i.e. the property that a char would inherit if it were inserted
at POSITION.  */)
  (Lisp_Object position, register Lisp_Object prop, Lisp_Object object)
{
  CHECK_NUMBER_COERCE_MARKER (position);

  if (NILP (object))
    XSETBUFFER (object, current_buffer);
  else if (WINDOWP (object))
    object = XWINDOW (object)->contents;

  if (!BUFFERP (object))
    /* pos-property only makes sense in buffers right now, since strings
       have no overlays and no notion of insertion for which stickiness
       could be obeyed.  */
    return Fget_text_property (position, prop, object);
  else
    {
      EMACS_INT posn = XINT (position);
      ptrdiff_t noverlays;
      Lisp_Object *overlay_vec, tem;
      struct buffer *obuf = current_buffer;
      USE_SAFE_ALLOCA;

      set_buffer_temp (XBUFFER (object));

      /* First try with room for 40 overlays.  */
      Lisp_Object overlay_vecbuf[40];
      noverlays = ARRAYELTS (overlay_vecbuf);
      overlay_vec = overlay_vecbuf;
      noverlays = overlays_around (posn, overlay_vec, noverlays);

      /* If there are more than 40,
	 make enough space for all, and try again.  */
      if (ARRAYELTS (overlay_vecbuf) < noverlays)
	{
	  SAFE_ALLOCA_LISP (overlay_vec, noverlays);
	  noverlays = overlays_around (posn, overlay_vec, noverlays);
	}
      noverlays = sort_overlays (overlay_vec, noverlays, NULL);

      set_buffer_temp (obuf);

      /* Now check the overlays in order of decreasing priority.  */
      while (--noverlays >= 0)
	{
	  Lisp_Object ol = overlay_vec[noverlays];
	  tem = Foverlay_get (ol, prop);
	  if (!NILP (tem))
	    {
	      /* Check the overlay is indeed active at point.  */
	      Lisp_Object start = OVERLAY_START (ol), finish = OVERLAY_END (ol);
	      if ((OVERLAY_POSITION (start) == posn
		   && XMARKER (start)->insertion_type == 1)
		  || (OVERLAY_POSITION (finish) == posn
		      && XMARKER (finish)->insertion_type == 0))
		; /* The overlay will not cover a char inserted at point.  */
	      else
		{
		  SAFE_FREE ();
		  return tem;
		}
	    }
	}
      SAFE_FREE ();

      { /* Now check the text properties.  */
	int stickiness = text_property_stickiness (prop, position, object);
	if (stickiness > 0)
	  return Fget_text_property (position, prop, object);
	else if (stickiness < 0
		 && XINT (position) > BUF_BEGV (XBUFFER (object)))
	  return Fget_text_property (make_number (XINT (position) - 1),
				     prop, object);
	else
	  return Qnil;
      }
    }
}

/* Find the field surrounding POS in *BEG and *END.  If POS is nil,
   the value of point is used instead.  If BEG or END is null,
   means don't store the beginning or end of the field.

   BEG_LIMIT and END_LIMIT serve to limit the ranged of the returned
   results; they do not effect boundary behavior.

   If MERGE_AT_BOUNDARY is non-nil, then if POS is at the very first
   position of a field, then the beginning of the previous field is
   returned instead of the beginning of POS's field (since the end of a
   field is actually also the beginning of the next input field, this
   behavior is sometimes useful).  Additionally in the MERGE_AT_BOUNDARY
   non-nil case, if two fields are separated by a field with the special
   value `boundary', and POS lies within it, then the two separated
   fields are considered to be adjacent, and POS between them, when
   finding the beginning and ending of the "merged" field.

   Either BEG or END may be 0, in which case the corresponding value
   is not stored.  */

static void
find_field (Lisp_Object pos, Lisp_Object merge_at_boundary,
	    Lisp_Object beg_limit,
	    ptrdiff_t *beg, Lisp_Object end_limit, ptrdiff_t *end)
{
  /* Fields right before and after the point.  */
  Lisp_Object before_field, after_field;
  /* True if POS counts as the start of a field.  */
  bool at_field_start = 0;
  /* True if POS counts as the end of a field.  */
  bool at_field_end = 0;

  if (NILP (pos))
    XSETFASTINT (pos, PT);
  else
    CHECK_NUMBER_COERCE_MARKER (pos);

  after_field
    = get_char_property_and_overlay (pos, Qfield, Qnil, NULL);
  before_field
    = (XFASTINT (pos) > BEGV
       ? get_char_property_and_overlay (make_number (XINT (pos) - 1),
					Qfield, Qnil, NULL)
       /* Using nil here would be a more obvious choice, but it would
          fail when the buffer starts with a non-sticky field.  */
       : after_field);

  /* See if we need to handle the case where MERGE_AT_BOUNDARY is nil
     and POS is at beginning of a field, which can also be interpreted
     as the end of the previous field.  Note that the case where if
     MERGE_AT_BOUNDARY is non-nil (see function comment) is actually the
     more natural one; then we avoid treating the beginning of a field
     specially.  */
  if (NILP (merge_at_boundary))
    {
      Lisp_Object field = Fget_pos_property (pos, Qfield, Qnil);
      if (!EQ (field, after_field))
	at_field_end = 1;
      if (!EQ (field, before_field))
	at_field_start = 1;
      if (NILP (field) && at_field_start && at_field_end)
	/* If an inserted char would have a nil field while the surrounding
	   text is non-nil, we're probably not looking at a
	   zero-length field, but instead at a non-nil field that's
	   not intended for editing (such as comint's prompts).  */
	at_field_end = at_field_start = 0;
    }

  /* Note about special `boundary' fields:

     Consider the case where the point (`.') is between the fields `x' and `y':

	xxxx.yyyy

     In this situation, if merge_at_boundary is non-nil, consider the
     `x' and `y' fields as forming one big merged field, and so the end
     of the field is the end of `y'.

     However, if `x' and `y' are separated by a special `boundary' field
     (a field with a `field' char-property of 'boundary), then ignore
     this special field when merging adjacent fields.  Here's the same
     situation, but with a `boundary' field between the `x' and `y' fields:

	xxx.BBBByyyy

     Here, if point is at the end of `x', the beginning of `y', or
     anywhere in-between (within the `boundary' field), merge all
     three fields and consider the beginning as being the beginning of
     the `x' field, and the end as being the end of the `y' field.  */

  if (beg)
    {
      if (at_field_start)
	/* POS is at the edge of a field, and we should consider it as
	   the beginning of the following field.  */
	*beg = XFASTINT (pos);
      else
	/* Find the previous field boundary.  */
	{
	  Lisp_Object p = pos;
	  if (!NILP (merge_at_boundary) && EQ (before_field, Qboundary))
	    /* Skip a `boundary' field.  */
	    p = Fprevious_single_char_property_change (p, Qfield, Qnil,
						       beg_limit);

	  p = Fprevious_single_char_property_change (p, Qfield, Qnil,
						     beg_limit);
	  *beg = NILP (p) ? BEGV : XFASTINT (p);
	}
    }

  if (end)
    {
      if (at_field_end)
	/* POS is at the edge of a field, and we should consider it as
	   the end of the previous field.  */
	*end = XFASTINT (pos);
      else
	/* Find the next field boundary.  */
	{
	  if (!NILP (merge_at_boundary) && EQ (after_field, Qboundary))
	    /* Skip a `boundary' field.  */
	    pos = Fnext_single_char_property_change (pos, Qfield, Qnil,
						     end_limit);

	  pos = Fnext_single_char_property_change (pos, Qfield, Qnil,
						   end_limit);
	  *end = NILP (pos) ? ZV : XFASTINT (pos);
	}
    }
}


DEFUN ("delete-field", Fdelete_field, Sdelete_field, 0, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Delete the field surrounding POS.
A field is a region of text with the same `field' property.
If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS.  */)
  (Lisp_Object pos)
{
  ptrdiff_t beg, end;
  find_field (pos, Qnil, Qnil, &beg, Qnil, &end);
  if (beg != end)
    del_range (beg, end);
  return Qnil;
}

DEFUN ("field-string", Ffield_string, Sfield_string, 0, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return the contents of the field surrounding POS as a string.
A field is a region of text with the same `field' property.
If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS.  */)
  (Lisp_Object pos)
{
  ptrdiff_t beg, end;
  find_field (pos, Qnil, Qnil, &beg, Qnil, &end);
  return make_buffer_string (beg, end, 1);
}

DEFUN ("field-string-no-properties", Ffield_string_no_properties, Sfield_string_no_properties, 0, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return the contents of the field around POS, without text properties.
A field is a region of text with the same `field' property.
If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS.  */)
  (Lisp_Object pos)
{
  ptrdiff_t beg, end;
  find_field (pos, Qnil, Qnil, &beg, Qnil, &end);
  return make_buffer_string (beg, end, 0);
}

DEFUN ("field-beginning", Ffield_beginning, Sfield_beginning, 0, 3, 0,
       doc: /* Return the beginning of the field surrounding POS.
A field is a region of text with the same `field' property.
If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS.
If ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE is non-nil and POS is at the beginning of its
field, then the beginning of the *previous* field is returned.
If LIMIT is non-nil, it is a buffer position; if the beginning of the field
is before LIMIT, then LIMIT will be returned instead.  */)
  (Lisp_Object pos, Lisp_Object escape_from_edge, Lisp_Object limit)
{
  ptrdiff_t beg;
  find_field (pos, escape_from_edge, limit, &beg, Qnil, 0);
  return make_number (beg);
}

DEFUN ("field-end", Ffield_end, Sfield_end, 0, 3, 0,
       doc: /* Return the end of the field surrounding POS.
A field is a region of text with the same `field' property.
If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS.
If ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE is non-nil and POS is at the end of its field,
then the end of the *following* field is returned.
If LIMIT is non-nil, it is a buffer position; if the end of the field
is after LIMIT, then LIMIT will be returned instead.  */)
  (Lisp_Object pos, Lisp_Object escape_from_edge, Lisp_Object limit)
{
  ptrdiff_t end;
  find_field (pos, escape_from_edge, Qnil, 0, limit, &end);
  return make_number (end);
}

DEFUN ("constrain-to-field", Fconstrain_to_field, Sconstrain_to_field, 2, 5, 0,
       doc: /* Return the position closest to NEW-POS that is in the same field as OLD-POS.
A field is a region of text with the same `field' property.

If NEW-POS is nil, then use the current point instead, and move point
to the resulting constrained position, in addition to returning that
position.

If OLD-POS is at the boundary of two fields, then the allowable
positions for NEW-POS depends on the value of the optional argument
ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE: If ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE is nil, then NEW-POS is
constrained to the field that has the same `field' char-property
as any new characters inserted at OLD-POS, whereas if ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE
is non-nil, NEW-POS is constrained to the union of the two adjacent
fields.  Additionally, if two fields are separated by another field with
the special value `boundary', then any point within this special field is
also considered to be `on the boundary'.

If the optional argument ONLY-IN-LINE is non-nil and constraining
NEW-POS would move it to a different line, NEW-POS is returned
unconstrained.  This is useful for commands that move by line, like
\\[next-line] or \\[beginning-of-line], which should generally respect field boundaries
only in the case where they can still move to the right line.

If the optional argument INHIBIT-CAPTURE-PROPERTY is non-nil, and OLD-POS has
a non-nil property of that name, then any field boundaries are ignored.

Field boundaries are not noticed if `inhibit-field-text-motion' is non-nil.  */)
  (Lisp_Object new_pos, Lisp_Object old_pos, Lisp_Object escape_from_edge,
   Lisp_Object only_in_line, Lisp_Object inhibit_capture_property)
{
  /* If non-zero, then the original point, before re-positioning.  */
  ptrdiff_t orig_point = 0;
  bool fwd;
  Lisp_Object prev_old, prev_new;

  if (NILP (new_pos))
    /* Use the current point, and afterwards, set it.  */
    {
      orig_point = PT;
      XSETFASTINT (new_pos, PT);
    }

  CHECK_NUMBER_COERCE_MARKER (new_pos);
  CHECK_NUMBER_COERCE_MARKER (old_pos);

  fwd = (XINT (new_pos) > XINT (old_pos));

  prev_old = make_number (XINT (old_pos) - 1);
  prev_new = make_number (XINT (new_pos) - 1);

  if (NILP (Vinhibit_field_text_motion)
      && !EQ (new_pos, old_pos)
      && (!NILP (Fget_char_property (new_pos, Qfield, Qnil))
          || !NILP (Fget_char_property (old_pos, Qfield, Qnil))
          /* To recognize field boundaries, we must also look at the
             previous positions; we could use `Fget_pos_property'
             instead, but in itself that would fail inside non-sticky
             fields (like comint prompts).  */
          || (XFASTINT (new_pos) > BEGV
              && !NILP (Fget_char_property (prev_new, Qfield, Qnil)))
          || (XFASTINT (old_pos) > BEGV
              && !NILP (Fget_char_property (prev_old, Qfield, Qnil))))
      && (NILP (inhibit_capture_property)
          /* Field boundaries are again a problem; but now we must
             decide the case exactly, so we need to call
             `get_pos_property' as well.  */
          || (NILP (Fget_pos_property (old_pos, inhibit_capture_property, Qnil))
              && (XFASTINT (old_pos) <= BEGV
                  || NILP (Fget_char_property
			   (old_pos, inhibit_capture_property, Qnil))
                  || NILP (Fget_char_property
			   (prev_old, inhibit_capture_property, Qnil))))))
    /* It is possible that NEW_POS is not within the same field as
       OLD_POS; try to move NEW_POS so that it is.  */
    {
      ptrdiff_t shortage;
      Lisp_Object field_bound;

      if (fwd)
	field_bound = Ffield_end (old_pos, escape_from_edge, new_pos);
      else
	field_bound = Ffield_beginning (old_pos, escape_from_edge, new_pos);

      if (/* See if ESCAPE_FROM_EDGE caused FIELD_BOUND to jump to the
             other side of NEW_POS, which would mean that NEW_POS is
             already acceptable, and it's not necessary to constrain it
             to FIELD_BOUND.  */
	  ((XFASTINT (field_bound) < XFASTINT (new_pos)) ? fwd : !fwd)
	  /* NEW_POS should be constrained, but only if either
	     ONLY_IN_LINE is nil (in which case any constraint is OK),
	     or NEW_POS and FIELD_BOUND are on the same line (in which
	     case the constraint is OK even if ONLY_IN_LINE is non-nil).  */
	  && (NILP (only_in_line)
	      /* This is the ONLY_IN_LINE case, check that NEW_POS and
		 FIELD_BOUND are on the same line by seeing whether
		 there's an intervening newline or not.  */
	      || (find_newline (XFASTINT (new_pos), -1,
				XFASTINT (field_bound), -1,
				fwd ? -1 : 1, &shortage, NULL, 1),
		  shortage != 0)))
	/* Constrain NEW_POS to FIELD_BOUND.  */
	new_pos = field_bound;

      if (orig_point && XFASTINT (new_pos) != orig_point)
	/* The NEW_POS argument was originally nil, so automatically set PT. */
	SET_PT (XFASTINT (new_pos));
    }

  return new_pos;
}


DEFUN ("line-beginning-position",
       Fline_beginning_position, Sline_beginning_position, 0, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return the character position of the first character on the current line.
With optional argument N, scan forward N - 1 lines first.
If the scan reaches the end of the buffer, return that position.

This function ignores text display directionality; it returns the
position of the first character in logical order, i.e. the smallest
character position on the line.

This function constrains the returned position to the current field
unless that position would be on a different line than the original,
unconstrained result.  If N is nil or 1, and a front-sticky field
starts at point, the scan stops as soon as it starts.  To ignore field
boundaries, bind `inhibit-field-text-motion' to t.

This function does not move point.  */)
  (Lisp_Object n)
{
  ptrdiff_t charpos, bytepos;

  if (NILP (n))
    XSETFASTINT (n, 1);
  else
    CHECK_NUMBER (n);

  scan_newline_fr